{"id":2719,"date":"2025-09-21T12:15:44","date_gmt":"2025-09-21T10:15:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/?p=2719"},"modified":"2025-09-21T12:15:46","modified_gmt":"2025-09-21T10:15:46","slug":"vyvoj-ditete-mezi-3-a-4-rokem-zivota","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/?p=2719","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdvoj d\u00edt\u011bte mezi 3. a 4. rokem \u017eivota"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>T\u0159et\u00ed a\u017e \u010dtvrt\u00fd rok je obdob\u00edm velk\u00e9ho rozvoje my\u0161len\u00ed, slovn\u00edho vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a emoc\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b u\u017e m\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor, argumentuje, rozli\u0161uje pravidla a u\u010d\u00ed se je ch\u00e1pat. T\u011b\u0161\u00ed se z toho, \u017ee&nbsp;<strong>n\u011bco um\u00ed samo<\/strong>, a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 si tvo\u0159it vlastn\u00ed sv\u011bt fantazie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pohyb a motorika<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00edt\u011b\u00a0<strong>b\u011bh\u00e1, sk\u00e1\u010de, \u0161plh\u00e1, leze<\/strong>, \u010dasto bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Um\u00ed jezdit na\u00a0<strong>odr\u00e1\u017eedle, kolob\u011b\u017ece<\/strong>, sk\u00e1\u010de na jedn\u00e9 noze (nebo se o to sna\u017e\u00ed).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Um\u00ed\u00a0<strong>stav\u011bt z kostek, malovat \u010d\u00e1ry a jednoduch\u00e9 tvary<\/strong>, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 se u\u010dit st\u0159\u00edhat n\u016f\u017ekami.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inu z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u010dinnost\u00ed:\u00a0<strong>obl\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed, myt\u00ed rukou, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1chodu nebo no\u010dn\u00edku<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0158e\u010d a komunikace<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mluv\u00ed\u00a0<strong>ve v\u011bt\u00e1ch<\/strong>, klade hodn\u011b ot\u00e1zek typu \u201e<strong>pro\u010d?<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>kdo?<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>kdy?<\/strong>\u201c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Um\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u011bt kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy, popsat, co se stalo, co vid\u011blo nebo co si p\u0159edstavuje.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvat\u00a0<strong>z\u00e1jmena, spojky, \u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed sloves<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Miluje \u0159\u00edkanky, b\u00e1sni\u010dky, p\u00edsni\u010dky \u2013 \u010dasto je opakuje nebo si vym\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed vlastn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a emo\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00edt\u011b si za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1\u00a0<strong>hr\u00e1t s ostatn\u00edmi d\u011btmi<\/strong>, nejen vedle nich \u2013 vznikaj\u00ed prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sd\u00edlen\u00ed, st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed, domluva<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 to v\u0161e se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 u\u010dit, i kdy\u017e to zat\u00edm ne v\u017edy zvl\u00e1d\u00e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vyv\u00edj\u00ed se\u00a0<strong>sebev\u011bdom\u00ed i sv\u011bdom\u00ed<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1, co je \u201edobr\u00e9\u201c a co \u201ezloben\u00ed\u201c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Roste\u00a0<strong>emo\u010dn\u00ed inteligence<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 d\u00edt\u011b ch\u00e1pe, \u017ee jin\u00ed maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 pocity a reaguje na n\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Objevuje se\u00a0<strong>stud, nejistota, \u017e\u00e1rlivost, strach<\/strong>, ale i\u00a0<strong>hrdost, smysl pro humor<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>My\u0161len\u00ed a fantazie<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rozvoj\u00a0<strong>symbolick\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 hra \u201ena jako\u201c je naprosto b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 (na obchod, maminku, l\u00e9ka\u0159e).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V tomto v\u011bku se \u010dasto objevuj\u00ed\u00a0<strong>imagin\u00e1rn\u00ed kamar\u00e1di<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 je to zcela norm\u00e1ln\u00ed a podporuje to kreativitu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00edt\u011b\u00a0<strong>chce ch\u00e1pat pravidla<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 \u010dasto se pt\u00e1, pro\u010d se n\u011bco d\u011bl\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 rozum\u011bt z\u00e1kladn\u00edm pojm\u016fm jako\u00a0<strong>velk\u00fd\u2013mal\u00fd, rychl\u00fd\u2013pomal\u00fd, v\u010dera\u2013z\u00edtra<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Co d\u00edt\u011b v tomto v\u011bku pot\u0159ebuje?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705&nbsp;<strong>Bezpe\u010dn\u00fd prostor k objevov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong>&nbsp;Nechte d\u00edt\u011b zkoumat nov\u00e9 v\u011bci, pokl\u00e1dat ot\u00e1zky a hledat odpov\u011bdi spole\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705&nbsp;<strong>Podporu a trp\u011blivost:<\/strong>&nbsp;I kdy\u017e mluv\u00ed hodn\u011b a n\u011bkdy \u201ep\u0159eh\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c, u\u010d\u00ed se t\u00edm vyjad\u0159ovat sv\u00e9 my\u0161lenky a zpracov\u00e1vat emoce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705&nbsp;<strong>Hranice s l\u00e1skou:<\/strong>&nbsp;Pot\u0159ebuje v\u011bd\u011bt, co je dovoleno a co ne, ale v\u017edy v klidu a s pochopen\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705&nbsp;<strong>Spole\u010dnou hru a zapojen\u00ed:<\/strong>&nbsp;Hrajte si spolu \u2013 hra je pro d\u00edt\u011b nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed forma u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705&nbsp;<strong>Kontakt s vrstevn\u00edky:<\/strong>&nbsp;Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 u\u010dit se spolupr\u00e1ci, empatii i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed konflikt\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705&nbsp;<strong>Podporu samostatnosti:<\/strong>&nbsp;A\u0165 si samo uklid\u00ed hra\u010dky, obl\u00e9kne boty nebo si nand\u00e1 j\u00eddlo \u2013 i kdy\u017e to trv\u00e1 d\u00e9le.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tipy pro rodi\u010de t\u0159\u00ed- a\u017e \u010dty\u0159let\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Udr\u017eujte denn\u00ed re\u017eim<\/strong>, ale bu\u010fte flexibiln\u00ed. D\u011bti v tomto v\u011bku pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed strukturu, ale i prostor pro hru.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u00e1vejte d\u00edt\u011bti prostor k v\u00fdb\u011bru:<\/strong>\u00a0\u201eChce\u0161 si hr\u00e1t s legem, nebo kreslit?\u201c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>U\u010dte ho o emoc\u00edch:<\/strong>\u00a0\u201eVypad\u00e1\u0161 smutn\u011b, chyb\u00ed ti tat\u00ednek?\u201c, \u201eJsi na\u0161tvan\u00fd, proto\u017ee ti spadl dome\u010dek?\u201c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Podporujte kreativitu:<\/strong>\u00a0Voln\u00e9 kreslen\u00ed, model\u00edna, hudba, tanec, poh\u00e1dky \u2013 to v\u0161e pom\u00e1h\u00e1 rozvoji mozku.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u010ct\u011bte si ka\u017ed\u00fd den:<\/strong>\u00a0Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 to nejen rozvoji \u0159e\u010di, ale i vztahu mezi v\u00e1mi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Obdob\u00ed mezi 3. a 4. rokem je n\u00e1dhern\u00e1 f\u00e1ze objevov\u00e1n\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b v\u00e1s ka\u017ed\u00fd den p\u0159ekvap\u00ed nov\u00fdmi ot\u00e1zkami, post\u0159ehy nebo smyslem pro humor. I kdy\u017e je to n\u011bkdy n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f se tvo\u0159\u00ed&nbsp;<strong>z\u00e1klad d\u016fv\u011bry, samostatnosti a zdrav\u00e9ho sebev\u011bdom\u00ed<\/strong>. Bu\u010fte mu pr\u016fvodcem \u2013 ne jen rodi\u010dem, ale i partnerem na cest\u011b k pozn\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u0159et\u00ed a\u017e \u010dtvrt\u00fd rok je obdob\u00edm velk\u00e9ho rozvoje my\u0161len\u00ed, slovn\u00edho vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a emoc\u00ed. D\u00edt\u011b u\u017e m\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor, argumentuje, rozli\u0161uje pravidla a u\u010d\u00ed se je ch\u00e1pat. T\u011b\u0161\u00ed se z toho,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2720,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2719","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dite"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2719","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2719"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2719\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2721,"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2719\/revisions\/2721"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2720"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2719"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2719"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmama.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2719"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}